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SUMMARY:Racial Panic\, National Threat\, and Consumptive Media in the US and UK
UID:44930-ucb-events-calendar@berkeley.edu
ORGANIZER;CN="UC Berkeley Calendar Network":
LOCATION:691 Barrows Hall
DESCRIPTION:Threat\, Progress\, and Othering Discourse of Barack and Michelle Obama\nDr. Libby Lewis\, Beatrice Bain Research Group\n\nThis project argues that race\, ethnicity\, and nation are made and remade within and by visual technologies of the 21st century by examining the ways in which discursive practices of memory and counter-memory mark and expose racist narratives in the news media under the guise of objectivity. Discourse of the overall significance of the Obama phenomena facilitated the resurrection of blatantly racist imagery subsequently reported in television news by reducing racism to a relative debate about alternative meaning while dominant discourses of the Obamas fuels Islamaphobia. The project examines how selected news media\, internet images\, and consumer products constitute President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama as both a sign of progress and as a threat to the dominant culture order. Traditional and “new” media forms including magazines\, newspapers\, television\, webcasts\, and blogs\, traffic in regressive racial stereotyping reconfigured by new technologies and consumer culture. The ways in which cultural representations of Barack Obama and Michelle Obama generates discourses of threat and progress\, while evacuating them of historical context and political significance is palpable despite debates about being in a post-racial society. The project discusses the notion of foreignness\, belonging\, what it means when individuals and groups like the Tea Party say\, “I love my country\,” and Norway’s home grown terrorist\, Anders Behring Breivik speaks against so-called “multiculturalism” and “Islamic Colonization.” The ways in which “raced” (Hunt\, 1997) black individuals have been presented as “foreign” bodies hostile to “the nation” particularly in the representation exemplified in traditional and “new” media before\, during\, and after the 2008 Election\, offers insight into the Islamafication trope used by the GOP and white supremacist groups to mark Barack and Michelle Obama as unknowable\, “foreign\,” unlike “Us” (White Heterosexual Christian Men) and therefore dangerous. \n \n\n'London ‘Riots’: Youth\, Spatial Racism\, Moral Panics and Defective Consumers\nDr. Meeta Rani Jha\, Beatrice Bain Research Group & California State University\, Bakersfield\n\nIn this presentation\, I will explore the recent youth riots and civil unrests which have brought the collapse of the rule of law in many English cities\, starting in London. The riots were triggered by the police killing of a young black Londoner\, Marc Duggan (black people are 26 times more likely to be stopped and searched by police than whites) in Tottenham - an area with the highest unemployment in London\, whose youth clubs have been closed to meet austerity cuts imposed by the government. In this aspect\, these inner-city riots may share similarity to the Los Angeles civil unrests of 1992\, which was sparked by the acquittal of police officers responsible for beating Rodney King. However\, these civil unrests are unlike the ones in Britain in the 1980s. The 1980s uprisings were organized community self-defense where Black youth were protesting racist policing in Brixton\, Handsworth\, Tottenham\, Toxteth and Asian youths burnt down the Hambrough Tavern in Southall\, where fascists had gathered. These anti-racist mobilizations profoundly shaped British ‘race’ relations. It is obvious from all reports that these riots are different from others in Britain\, in that the main participants were teenagers. \nAs in the Arab Spring prodemocracy protests\, social media and smarts phone mobilized rapid organizational networks\, but unlike the Arab Spring protests these networks were used opportunistically to organize looting\, ‘shopping for free’ and arson. I argue that to try to comprehend ‘London riots\,’ we have to unravel the concept of ‘youth’ and ‘race’\, ‘moral panic’ and ‘spatial racism. ’ Moreover\, I will explore the relationship of youth and popular culture to consumption in the context of ‘economic global and local crisis’ Britain is undergoing. I am also interested in questioning the ways in which media representation of ‘youth’ is often conflated with ‘race\,’ ‘inner-city’ and ‘masculinity.’\n\nIn an effort to try to comprehend the possible reasons for London civil unrest\, firstly\, I will begin by exploring the relationship of Black communities with the Police in Britain by focusing on the history of Black and Asian youth unrest in Britain: Nottingham 1954\, Brixton 1981\, and in Northern British towns of Burnley\, Oldham and Bradford in 2001 after 9/11. I will also examine the relationship of youth cultures and moral panics created by the media. In 1972\, Stanley Cohen first coined the term 'moral panics\,’ and argued that deviance\, its construction\, and control are the central concerns of moral panics which often create ‘folk devils’ -- stereotypes of what people should not do. Cohen argued that the deviant was a category created by society and he was concerned to challenge studies of deviancy\, which located deviant behaviour in the psychology of particular individuals or the cultural deficiency of certain groups. ‘Black culture\,’ ‘Asian culture’ and ‘Muslim culture’ have been blamed for many societal deficiencies – such as criminality\, misogyny and terrorism. In the 1970s\, the moral panic over the term mugging became a media code or symbol signifying black street crime (Hall: 1978). Stuart Hall and Stanley Cohen\, pointed to the role of the media in constructing and dissemination of a stereotype of the Black mugger\, which then legitimised coercive tactics by the police and the courts which began to target and penalise Black communities and Black young men disproportionately. The Scarman report into the 1980 Brixton unrests identified these as a key factor leading up to the youth uprising. In this way moral panics as ideological formations created by the government and the media also work to hide the real causes of social problems\, such as the contemporary austerity measures. The concept of ‘spatial racism’ and ‘white governmentality’ proposed by Barnor Hesse (1997) can give us an insight into the representations of ‘inner-city’ London\, by the media and the British government.
URL:http://events.berkeley.edu/index.php/calendar/sn/pubaff.html?event_ID=44930&view=preview
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